ABSTRACT
Renal leiomyoma is a benign tumour arising from the smooth muscle cells of different kidney structures. We demonstrate here by this observation, the preoperative diagnostic difficulties and the necesity to consider this entity when confronted with a renal mass case, through reporting a case of a female patient aged 54 years, who consulted for a left loin pain since two years. Clinical examination was normal. Ultrasound examination showed a hyperechogenic nodular formation of 30 mm diameter. The abdomenopelvic C.T scan revealed a superior pole tissue mass of 32 / 28 mm radiological data, a total nephrectomy was done. The anatomopathological examination of surgeical sepcimen showed a subcapsular nodular tumour, confirmation of renal leiomyoma was done by a histological examination. Diagnosis of renal leiomyoma is extremely difficult due to the variability of its radiological findings, so we should put in consideration this benign tumour when dealing with, the differential diagnosis of renal tumours